In preparation for a trip we plan to take to Prague this fall, I’ve been learning a little Czech – watch out for those impossible r-zh sounds! – and began reading The Good Soldier Svejk, which is a national classic. I had planned to read just a few pages each day, but the novel drew me in and I’m now over two-thirds the way through the 750 pages.
Svejk is set in World War I, and one of the underlying themes is the antagonism of the various nationalities that were part of the Austro-Hungarian empire. After a brawl between Czechs and Hungarians, a newspaper publishes an editorial about the need for harmony among nationalities in the empire that could have been written by any of the numerous diversity officers we now have in our colleges and universities. Despite this admonition, we know that in fact Austria-Hungary broke up after WWI into Austria, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia, with the latter breaking up further into the Czech Republic and Slovakia twenty years ago. Plus, part of Austria-Hungary was joined with Serbia to create Yugoslavia, and with the demise of communism in eastern Europe we all learned what a wonderful entity that turned out to be. Face it, these experiments with multiculturalism and diversity didn’t work so well. Yet, there are idiots today who want an even grander entity, the European Union, which will comprise all of Europe as one big country. And we can see how that’s going, too. How much longer will the Germans put up with paying for the lazy lifestyles of the Greeks?
Reading up on WWI, I began to wonder, Why did the Central Powers, all of them Christian, ally themselves with the Ottomans? This account describes the reasoning as well as any, I guess.
It also strikes me that every account of WWI I’ve seen deals with its end and aftermath from the standpoint of Germany while utterly ignoring Austria-Hungary. We know all about where Germany’s troops were on the Western front, how the Germans expected a truce and instead were made to bear the brunt of the responsibility for the war, how Woodrow Wilson thought that the League of Nations would make everything all right, how the Germans had to pay reparations, how they had galloping inflation in the 1920s, how the pathetic Weimar Republic was dominated culturally by progressives, and finally how Hitler arose from it all to take over.
So where was Austria-Hungary in all of this? After all, they were the ones who started the whole conflict. How were their armed forces doing at the end of the war? (In fact, they faced four fronts during the war, according to Wikipedia: Russian, Romanian, Serbian, and Italian.) It’s easy enough to say that the interest in Germany is the result of Hitler, but in fact Hitler came from Austria-Hungary, and while I read hardly any of his Mein Kampf, what I did read included a fair amount of whining about how he thought that the ethnic Germans fared badly in this empire. (Svejk suggests the exact opposite.)
By the way, the reparations that Germany had to pay was something I thought had vanished ages ago, canceled by Hitler and then forgotten in the aftermath of WWII. To some extent that is true, but the Weimar Republic had issued bonds to pay for the reparations, and Germany finally finished paying those off just a couple years ago.